What is the general term for small components such as nuts, bolts, screws, and washers used in aerospace assembly?

The general term for small components such as nuts, bolts, screws, and washers used in aerospace assembly is hardware. In the context of aerospace and engineering, hardware specifically refers to these types of parts that are essential for assembling various structures and systems. They serve crucial functions such as fastening, connecting, and supporting different components, ensuring the integrity and safety of the assembly.

While "accessories" might suggest supplementary items that accompany more significant components, "tools" typically refers to instruments used to perform work rather than the parts being worked on. "Components" is a broader term that can encompass various parts, including larger assemblies or systems, but does not specifically denote the small fastening items that hardware signifies. Therefore, hardware is the most accurate and commonly used term when identifying these small, critical parts in aerospace assembly.