Which of the following would be classified as Foreign Object Debris?

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is defined as any items or substances that are not supposed to be in a particular location, particularly in aviation contexts where such items can pose safety risks. In this case, loose screws on the runway fit the definition perfectly, as they are physical objects that have become dislodged from their intended location and can create hazards for aircraft during takeoff, landing, or taxiing.

Loose screws can potentially lead to serious incidents if they are ingested by engines or interfere with landing gear. Therefore, identifying and removing such debris is critical for maintaining safety on the runway.

In contrast, operational checklists, runway lights, and aircraft manuals are all essential items that are intentionally placed in their locations for operational purposes. They are part of the necessary infrastructure and operational processes, making them integral to safe aviation practices, rather than being classified as debris.